EVALUATION OF MAXILLARY SINUS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE THROUGH CBCT IMAGING: A LITERATURE REVIEW

• Priyanka Khanna,*  
• Priya Singh,  
• Deepak Umapathy,  
• Shweta Singh

Abstract

The largest paranasal sinus in the skull is the maxillary sinus (MS), which begins on the side of the nose and extends all the way to the zygomatic process of the maxilla. The shape is pyramidal. Alveolar pneumatization, hypoplasia, antral septa, abnormal mucosal thickening, maxillary sinus hypoplasia (MSH) and exostosis are all possible anatomical variants. Any thorough mediation at the posterior region of the mouth must be performed by a specialist with extensive training in the anatomy and physiology of the maxillary sinuses. The maxillary sinus hypoplasia (MSH) may occur either during embryological development or as a result of injury, iatrogenic factors, or other underlying conditions. Because the hypoplastic sinus lacks a distinctive ostium, it experiences mucosal thickening due to restricted infundibular entrance. On top of that, MSH makes procedures more difficult by causing the horizontal nasal wall to enlarge at its proximal end. The septa of the maxillary sinus act as barriers to the cortical bone. The maxillary sinus floor is divided into many compartments, called breaks, by the second rate or parallel sinus walls. The maxillary sinuses are essential anatomical structures in dentistry, thus it's crucial to have a precise radiological evaluation of them. CBCT is a valuable diagnostic imaging modality for this purpose. We present a literature review to determine the anatomical and morphological variations which are important to know to adjust the treatment plan to yield more successful treatment using CBCT.

Keywords

Maxillary sinus, CBCT, Anatomical variations